Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition that affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision used for reading, driving, and recognizing faces.
What Is the Difference Between Dry and Wet AMD?
Dry AMD is the most common form of macular degeneration. It develops gradually over time as the cells in the macula begin to thin and age. Small yellow deposits called drusen may develop under the retina.
Wet AMD is less common but more serious. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow underneath the retina and leak fluid or blood, which can lead to rapid vision changes.
Symptoms of Dry AMD
- Blurred or fuzzy central vision
- Difficulty reading or recognizing faces
- Needing brighter light for close activities
- Colors appearing less vivid
- Slow progression of vision changes
Symptoms of Wet AMD
- Sudden blurry or distorted vision
- Straight lines appearing wavy
- Dark or blank spots in central vision
- Rapid vision loss
- Changes that occur over days or weeks
Can Dry AMD Become Wet AMD?
Yes. Some patients with dry AMD can develop wet AMD over time. This is why regular monitoring and routine retinal examinations are extremely important.
How Is AMD Treated?
Dry AMD: While there is no cure for dry AMD, lifestyle changes and certain vitamin supplements (such as AREDS2 vitamins) may help slow progression in some patients.
Wet AMD: Wet AMD is commonly treated with intravitreal injections that help reduce abnormal blood vessel growth and preserve vision.
When Should You Contact a Retina Specialist?
Patients should contact Midwest Retina Consultants immediately if they notice sudden vision changes, new distortion, dark spots, flashes, or rapid worsening of vision.
Protecting Your Vision
- Attend regular dilated eye exams
- Monitor vision changes at home
- Avoid smoking
- Control blood pressure and cholesterol
- Eat a healthy diet rich in leafy greens and fish
- Wear UV-protective sunglasses outdoors
Early detection and ongoing monitoring are important in helping preserve vision and maintain quality of life.
