Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition that affects the central part of the retina called the macula. The macula is responsible for sharp, detailed vision needed for reading, driving, and recognizing faces.
There are two main types of macular degeneration: dry AMD and wet AMD. Dry AMD develops gradually over time and is more common. Wet AMD is less common but more serious because abnormal blood vessels can leak fluid or blood under the retina.
Common symptoms include blurry central vision, difficulty reading, distorted lines, faded colors, or dark spots in the center of vision.
Risk factors include age, smoking, family history, high blood pressure, and prolonged sun exposure.
Treatment depends on the type and severity of AMD. Wet AMD is commonly treated with intravitreal injections that help reduce abnormal blood vessel growth and preserve vision.
Regular eye exams are important because early detection can help slow progression and protect vision.
